This is a rose gardening book that provides a guide to growing a healthy and beautiful rose garden. It provides information regarding common problems encountered whilst trying to grow roses and how to get the most out of your rose garden
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There are a few tips and information about growing roses to be considered and a few requirements to optimize the growth of your roses. Generally speaking, however, roses are very versatile and can withstand harsh conditions and yet thrive. The basic fundamentals of getting the most out of your roses is to consider: the soil, the exposure, location, feeding, mulching, and pruning. If you put just a tad bit of attention to each of these facets and follow our tips for growing roses, then your roses will be a hit all though out the spring and summer without missing a beat.
Sun Requirements: Roses need at least 4 to 6 hours of direct sunlight every day. Early morning sun is the best to protect against mildew. Although roses can go with less sun, they usually will not survive as long and will have fewer and smaller blooms.
Soil Requirements: Roses prefer loamy soil with a high-humus content. Working compost, peat moss, leaf mold and well-rotted manure into the soil will provide them with a rich environment. The soil can be fertilized additionally with bone meal and super-phosphate. Soil with a pH of 6.5 is best. PH meters are available to test your soils acidity level. Roses must have good drainage. Avoid planting in low areas where water collects. Roses do not do well in standing water and other overly saturated regions. If your soil is especially heavy, add sand for drainage.
Location and/or Containers: Plant roses at least 18-24" away from buildings. Roses must have air circulation surrounding them. This will minimize any mildew from forming. They should also not be planted too near larger plants. Larger plants can carry away nutrients, water, and food and keep the roses from extracting the most from the soil. For smaller roses, you can plant them in a container or a window box to show them off in different ways. Window boxes are a unique way to show off roses that can draw remarks from the neighbors.
Feeding: After roses are in full leaf, apply a balanced fertilizer. We recommend using a food specifically designed for roses. Fertilize again after the first bloom and once more 6 weeks before the first fall frost. These are the smallest feeding recommendation. A few more times during the growing season, however, usually helps the roses fill out more.
Mulching: Mulch provides many benefits to roses. Add a layer 2 to 3 inches thick to your rose bed to keep the moisture in and to help keep the weeds away. This tip for growing roses is surprisingly effective and you'll notice quite a difference when they begin to bloom.
Pruning: Pruning roses is vital in their continued success. The first step in pruning roses is to remove any dead, dying, damaged, diseased, weak or thin canes. Prune the branches back as far as the crown. Any shoot growing from below the graft is called a sucker and should be removed. Pruning an already healthy rose is an important part of the process. Cutting a bloom not only allows you to enjoy it's beauty and scent, it helps shape the rose. Cut the flower stem no shorter than just above the first five-leaflet leaf below the flower you are removing. Also, you will need to leave at least two five-leaflet leaves above to point of the previous cut. It's best to cut a rose at a 45 degree angle roughly 1/4 of an inch from the outside bud. This seems complicated, but when you go to prune it will make perfect sense.
Roses are an exceptionally versatile, useful, and beautiful landscape plant. By following some basic tips and advice on growing roses and how to plant them, you will be on your way to years full of beautiful roses.
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Planting a rose plant goes beyond how deep the hole should be and if fertilizer should be used now or later. The first and an important step in rose planting that should not be overlooked is picking the location of where you are going to plant your roses. It is as true in planting as it is in real estate; location, location, location. There are several things that need to be considered when choosing a location for our rose plants.
Will the place you care choosing to plant your roses get enough sunlight? The majority of rose species should have at least six hours of direct, unfiltered sunlight a day. Even rose plants that are shade tolerant need about four to six hours of direct sunlight to do well.
Is the soil where you plan to plant your roses healthy? Roses are hungry eaters and need have nutritious soil. They do not like soil that has too much clay or too much sand. A quick test you can do with your soil to find out if it has too much clay or sand is to clump it in your hand. If the soil holds the mold and does not crumble easily, it has too much clay. If the soil crumbles too easily and does not hold the mold, it has too much sand. God soil should hold the mold in your hand but crumble easily. The soil should also not be too acidic, contain too much limestone or too much chalk.
And finally, is the place where you are going to plant your rose plant too close to trees or other plants? There are many trees and other larger plants that will extract water and nutrients from the soil from roots that extend far beyond their drip line. If you encounter a lot of roots where you are digging your hole for your rose bush, most likely these roots are going to cause a problem for your plant. There are some climbing rose and some shrubs that are an exception but most rose plants only like to be mixed with other roses or other non-invasive plants.
Now that you have the perfect location for your rose plant, you can think about the basics such as how deep the hole should be. You will need to dig a hole that is slightly larger than the size of the pot the plant is in or root system of the plant. The depth of the hole depends on the climate that you live in. Colder areas need to plant their roses slightly deeper. It is a good idea to talk to other rose grower in the area as to which is the proper depth for you. Depths may be different for lots of different people but, everyone can benefit from loosening the soil at the bottom of the hole. You can also place some compost in the bottom of the hole plus a sprinkle of bone meal which is a source of Phosphorus and is slow acting and encourages healthy root growth. Spread out the roots slightly after you place the plant into the hole. Refill the hole and make sure that the soil settles around the roots. Water the roots before you cover them with the last couple of inches of soil. And finally place the last of the soil back into the hole and firm the soil slightly. You can water the plant at this step also.
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An amateur starting with his first batch of roses is certainly not encouraged to take on growing roses from seed. After all, it is very challenging, what with all the tedious little tasks that you have to make sure are completed before you actually plant the rose seeds into the soil. Before we show you how it is to grow roses from the seed, you first have to understand the way Mother Nature has made your favorite flower and how they naturally produce seeds ready for planting.
A Lesson in Rose Anatomy
It is perhaps because of how sweet and delicate they seem to be that roses are more often associated with the feminine side of humans. In real biological sense, however, roses are considered bisexual. That's right. They are both male and female. Roses have what we call the stamen, the male reproductive organ in flowers that contains the filaments carrying the pollen. They also have an ovary, the female reproductive organ that houses the ovules. In the natural course of things, the pollen reaches the ovary and fertilizes the ovules, thus producing seeds that can be planted four months after you have first seen rose hips growing on your plants. After four months, the rose hips are ready for harvesting and you can start with growing roses from seed. That is, if you don't plan on hybridizing your roses and you are willing to wait that long.
How to Make New Rose Varieties
Okay, so you've been rose gardening for years and, for once, you decide to make a new rose and have it named after you. To hybridize a rose, simply cut off a few blooms from your selected parent plans and carefully pluck out the petals from each of them, leaving behind a golden yellow stamen sitting in the middle. The stamen is what contains the pollen grains, and to bring the pollen out, you first have to let the stamens dry. Place them inside black film canisters (The color makes you see the yellow grains more easily when they come out) and leave them uncovered the entire day. The pollen will come out all on its own. Watch out for the stigmas in your roses. It is that tall gelatinous part of the flower found at the center of the petals. When the stigma becomes sticky, it's calling for pollen to fertilize its mature ovules. Use a clean Q-tip to dab the pollen onto the stigma every four hours the whole day.
Preparing the Seeds
Growing roses from seeds entails ensuring that the seeds have gone through the right preparation methods before they are transferred to the ground as seedlings. To harvest your seeds, pluck out the rose hips and slice them open. Scrape out the pulp and handpick the seeds from out of it-you can throw the pulp and the shells away afterwards. Prepare a mixture of purified water and two tablespoons of bleach. Use this mixture to wash your seeds before soaking them overnight in a 3% peroxide solution. The morning after, some seeds will have floated to the surface of your soaking solution. These seeds are unusable and are best left discarded into the trash bin or better yet, as compost material. Go through one more round of cleaning before you get the seeds ready for stratification. You clean them by placing them on soft cloth and gently brushing them one by one or by washing them simultaneously in a blender with plastic blades. It's important to take note-plastic blades! No metal blades if you don't want to end up with ground rose seeds and wasted time and effort hybridizing them. Now, it's time for stratification. What exactly is that? To stratify your roses simply means to cover them in a paper towel soaked in water and peroxide solution. Place the paper towel in a Ziploc bag and let it cool in the refrigerator for up to ten weeks.
It takes a lot of time, doesn't it? But once you take those seeds out, they're ready for planting.
Planting-Finally!
A light mixture of half-and-half potting soil and vermiculite is best for rose seeds. Place the seeds on a tray of this growth mix and lightly spray some RooTone, Captan, or water-and-peroxide solution to encourage growth and ward off seed diseases that can kill your plants even before they become plants. Cover them with another half inch of soil and again apply some more growth hormones. Find a place where the seeds get as much direct sunlight as possible and make sure they are well-watered every week. You can expect some healthy, transplantable growth on the sixth week.
When you have transferred your roses to a more permanent place on the ground, it's time that they receive the same amount of tender loving care that your other roses have received before. Remember the basics: sunlight, water, and soil. Make sure you provide adequate amounts of these and your roses will surely shower you with huge blossoming rewards.
Catherine Martin comes from a long line of passionate rose lovers, growers and enthusiasts. As an author, she is committed to demystifying the common rose, so that all who wish to can grow them easily. For more great information on the best roses to grow in your garden, visit http://www.rosegardeningexpert.com/roses.html
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